GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hydrochloric acid secreted from gastric parietal cells generates the strongly acidic environment of the gastric lumen (pH <2) (305), which kills food-derived bacteria, facilitates food digestion, and promotes absorption of minerals including phosphate, calcium, and iron.

Detailed explanation-2: -Parietal cells are responsible for gastric acid secretion, which aids in the digestion of food, absorption of minerals, and control of harmful bacteria.

Detailed explanation-3: -Oxyntic cells are present in pits within the wall of vertebrate stomach. Their function is to secrete hydrochloric acid, giving the gastric fluid a pH of about 1-2.

Detailed explanation-4: -Answer and Explanation: Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. HCl activates the enzyme pepsin, which helps to breakdown and digest proteins that are found in the foods that we eat.

Detailed explanation-5: -Parietal cells are also referred to as oxyntic cells, based on the Greek word oxyntos (to generate an acidic substance). The “typical” parietal cell is usually depicted in a triangular shape with the apical region of the cell forming the apex of the triangle, which borders the lumen of the gastric gland.