GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -All echinoderms have the capability to regenerate some or most organs or appendages. Since the regenerated structures are usually identical to the lost ones, including their muscular components, it has then been assumed that formation of new muscle cells or myogenesis occurs in all echinoderms.

Detailed explanation-2: -Echinoderms utilise regeneration processes at all stages of their life cycle (embryo, larva and adult). Echinoderms can regenerate body parts and even complete individual from a fragment following self-induced or traumatic amputation processes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Echinoderms are named for their spiny skin, which is covered by a thin layer of calcium carbonate plates and spines. Adult echinoderms have radial symmetry, but larvae have bilateral symmetry. Echinoderms have a unique water vascular system, with canals that extend along each body part.

Detailed explanation-4: -The ability to regenerate, or regrow, lost or destroyed parts is well developed in echinoderms, especially sea lilies, starfishes, and brittle stars, all of which can regenerate new arms if existing ones are broken off.