GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Water exits through larger pores called excurrent pores. As it passes through the channels and chambers inside the sponge, bacteria and tiny particles are taken up from the water as food. The circulating seawater contains oxygen that passes into the sponge cells by simple diffusion.

Detailed explanation-2: -As sponges don’t have mouths, they must feed by some other method. Sponges have tiny pores in their outer walls through which water is drawn. Cells in the sponge walls filter food from the water as the water is pumped through the body and out other larger openings.

Detailed explanation-3: -Instead of having a mouth, sponges bodies feature tiny pores called Ostia through which water is sucked. Cells in the sponge walls then filter the food that is present in the water as it is pumped out of the body through the osculum.

Detailed explanation-4: -In addition to the osculum, sponges have multiple pores called ostia on their bodies that allow water to enter the sponge. In some sponges, ostia are formed by porocytes: single, tube-shaped cells that act as valves to regulate the flow of water into the spongocoel.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Porifera are primarily filter feeders, utilizing food particles suspended in the water and captured by the choanocytes. Food particles consist essentially of bacteria, other microorganisms, and particles of organic debris; sponges also probably absorb dissolved organic substances.