GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -What is gastrin? Gastrin is a hormone that is produced by ‘G’ cells in the lining of the stomach and upper small intestine, and released into the blood circulation. During a meal, gastrin stimulates the stomach to release gastric acid (hydrochloric acid).

Detailed explanation-2: -G-cells are neuroendocrine cells responsible for the synthesis and secretion of gastrin. They are primarily found in the pyloric antrum but can also be found in the duodenum and the pancreas. They secrete gastrin when stimulated directly by vagal efferent neurons as well as GRP neurons.

Detailed explanation-3: -During meal ingestion, the main hormone responsible for stimulating acid secretion is gastrin, which acts primarily by releasing histamine from enterochromaffin-like cells. Ghrelin and orexin may also function as stimulatory hormones.

Detailed explanation-4: -Gastrin is produced by cells, called G cells, in the stomach lining. When food enters the stomach, G cells trigger the release of gastrin in the blood. As blood levels of gastrin rise, the stomach releases acid (gastric acid) that helps break down and digest food.

Detailed explanation-5: -Parietal cells (also known as oxyntic cells) are epithelial cells in the stomach that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. These cells are located in the gastric glands found in the lining of the fundus and body regions of the stomach.