GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach begins protein digestion by denaturing the protein, denaturation results in the loss of the protein’s function. HCl also converts inactive pepsinogen to its active form, pepsin. Pepsin begins breaking the peptide bonds between amino acids.

Detailed explanation-2: -Of these five components, pepsin is the principal enzyme involved in protein digestion. It breaks down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids that can be easily absorbed in the small intestine.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hydrochloric acid denatures proteins in the stomach. This is because it is a strong acid and dissociates to give hydrogen ions. These ions break the complex protein structures and make the amino acids of the protein more accessible to digestive enzymes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hydrochloric acid in gastric juice denatures proteins and activates pepsin, concentrations of which reach 1 mg/mL in the mammalian stomach.

Detailed explanation-5: -Pepsin /ˈpɛpsɪn/ is an endopeptidase that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.