GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Breathing is a complex motor task that needs to be coordinated at all times while we eat, speak, exercise and even during sleep. The breathing muscles are controlled automatically from the brainstem during normal breathing but can also be controlled voluntarily from the motor cortex.

Detailed explanation-2: -Breathing Is Automatic and Not Autonomic The control of breathing is an automatic process that works without conscious intervention when asleep, anesthetized, or awake and not specifically thinking about breathing.

Detailed explanation-3: -Abstract. The main respiratory muscles are under both voluntary and involuntary (automatic) control. These two control systems come from separate sites in the CNS and have separate descending pathways; the final integration of these outputs occurs at segmental levels in the cord.

Detailed explanation-4: -It’s a type of breathing regulation that doesn’t require conscious, direct control. Where voluntary respiration is not feasible, such as when we are sleeping, involuntary respiration allows us to breathe.

Detailed explanation-5: -It is a passive process. It occurs when the size of the thoracic activity decreases and the air pressure outside increases. Now the external intercostal muscles relax and the internal intercostal muscles contract. As a result, the ribs are pulled inwards and the size of the thoracic cavity is reduced.