GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The musculus uvulae muscle derives from the palatine aponeurosis and the posterior nasal spine and attaches to the mucous membrane of the uvula. The musculus uvulae muscle functions to shorten the uvula. Ipsilateral contraction of the musculus uvulae muscle draws up the uvula on the same side.

Detailed explanation-2: -The function of the levator veli palatini muscle is to retract and elevate the velum. As this muscle contracts during speech, it pulls the velum up at a 45-degree angle to close against the posterior pharyngeal wall.

Detailed explanation-3: -Normally during speech, the velum is in its raised position, blocking off airflow through the nose. But during some sounds (the nasal sounds, like [m], [n], and [ŋ]) it lowers and allows air to flow through the nose.