MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -The one at the top of the esophagus is called the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and the one at the bottom of the esophagus (which separates the esophagus from the stomach) is called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES).

Detailed explanation-2: -Upper and lower esophageal sphincters control the movement of food into and out of the esophagus. The lower esophageal sphincter is sometimes called the cardiac sphincter and resides at the esophagogastric junction.

Detailed explanation-3: -Because of the two structures it joins, the lower esophageal sphincter is also known as the gastroesophageal sphincter or gastroesophageal junction. Because of its closeness to the heart, it is also known as the cardiac sphincter.