MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Dysphagia can be classified into four categories, based on the location of the swallowing impairment: oropharyngeal, esophageal, esophagogastric, and paraesophageal (Figure 82.1). These four types occur in four separate but continuous anatomic areas.

Detailed explanation-2: -Eating large meals or eating late at night. Eating certain foods (triggers) such as fatty or fried foods. Drinking certain beverages, such as alcohol or coffee. Taking certain medications, such as aspirin.

Detailed explanation-3: -Stage 1: Mild GERD. Minimal acid reflux occurs once or twice a month. Stage 2: Moderate GERD. Symptoms are frequent enough to require prescription acid reflux medication, which is typically taken daily. Stage 3: Severe GERD. Stage 4: Precancer or cancer.