MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Parkinson’s disease is a progressive disorder that is caused by degeneration of nerve cells in the part of the brain called the substantia nigra, which controls movement. These nerve cells die or become impaired, losing the ability to produce an important chemical called dopamine.

Detailed explanation-2: -Parkinson’s disease is characterized by the loss of pigmented cells in the substantia nigra and pigmented nuclei, as well as by a neurotransmitter imbalance caused by a relative dopamine deficiency in the caudate nucleus and putamen.

Detailed explanation-3: -The substantia nigra is a critical brain region for the production of dopamine and this neurochemical affects many systems of the central nervous system ranging from movement control, cognitive executive functions, and emotional limbic activity.

Detailed explanation-4: -What causes the loss of nerve cells? It’s not known why the loss of nerve cells associated with Parkinson’s disease occurs, although research is ongoing to identify potential causes. Currently, it’s believed a combination of genetic changes and environmental factors may be responsible for the condition.