MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Cranial Nerve XII: Hypoglossal Nerve The hypoglossal nerve is a pure motor nerve innervating the muscles of the tongue. It is tested by asking the patient to protrude the tongue, noting evidence of atrophy, fasciculation, or deviation. The tongue should be evaluated at rest and with protrusion.

Detailed explanation-2: -The hypoglossal nerve enables tongue movement. It controls the hyoglossus, intrinsic, genioglossus and styloglossus muscles. These muscles help you speak, swallow and move substances around in your mouth.

Detailed explanation-3: -This nerve moves the tongue. Hypoglossal nerve disorders may be caused by tumors, strokes, infections, injuries, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. People with hypoglossal nerve disorder have difficulty speaking, chewing, and swallowing.

Detailed explanation-4: -The hypoglossal nerve can be examined by asking a patient to protrude their tongue, move their tongue laterally, and place their tongue against their cheek to resist the opposing force of the examiner’s hand resting on the external cheek. Pathology to CN XII is a relatively uncommon event.