MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

NEUROLOGY

SURGERY

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Which triggers may lead to the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
A
Sepsis, trauma, cancer, shock, abruption placentae, toxins, and allergic reactions
B
Bleeding from ulcers, gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or gastrointestinal (GI) tumors
C
The patient with sickle cell trait usually has a normal hemoglobin level, a normal hematocrit, and a normal blood smear. In contrast, the patient with sickle cell disease has a low hematocrit and sickled cells on the smear. The diagnosis is confirmed by hemoglobin electrophoresis.
D
Correcting or controlling the cause of the anemia.
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -DIC is usually caused by inflammation from an infection, injury, or illness. Some common causes include: Sepsis: This is a body-wide response to infection that causes inflammation. Sepsis is the most common risk factor for DIC.

Detailed explanation-2: -Sepsis-induced DIC. During sepsis, inflammation diffusely activates the coagulation system, consuming multiple clotting factors and resulting in DIC [10, 11].

Detailed explanation-3: -DIC is always secondary to an underlying disorder. Indeed, it is associated with pregnancy complications such as placental abruption, HELLP syndrome, preeclampsia, retained stillbirth, sepsis, post-partum hemorrhage (PPH), acute fatty liver, and amniotic fluid embolism (Figure 2).

Detailed explanation-4: -Causes. DIC can be caused by certain types of cancer, including: leukemia, especially acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) solid tumour cancers, especially adenocarcinomas in the prostate, lung, breast or pancreas.

There is 1 question to complete.