MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Third generation TKIs These include osimertinib, EGF816, olmutinib, PF-06747775, YH5448, avitinib and rociletinib. The defining characteristic of these third generation agents is that they have significantly greater activity in EGFR mutant cells than in EGFR WT cells, making them mutant-selective [14].

Detailed explanation-2: -Three generations of EGFR TKIs are now approved for use in EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); the first-generation agents erlotinib, gefitinib, and icotinib; the second-generation ErbB family blockers afatinib and dacomitinib; and most recently, osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR TKI.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are more than 70 types of EGFR mutations. Doctors group EGFR mutations in NSCLC into four types: Classical EGFR mutations, which include the most common types: EGFR 19 deletions and EGFR L858R point mutations. EGFR exon 20 insertions.

Detailed explanation-4: -The second-generation inhibitors, including afatinib and dacomitinib, are irreversible inhibitors, which covalently bind to EGFR. Just as gefitinib and erlotinib, afatinib is globally approved for the first-line therapy of EGFR-mutant patients, while dacomitinib is also under consideration for regulatory approval.