MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Bronchoscopic ablation therapy. Ablation techniques include laser irradiation, electrocoagulation, APC, cryoablation and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Lasers, electrocoagulation and APC are thermal ablations and are the most common methods of tumor resection for endoluminal airway obstruction at present.

Detailed explanation-2: -Bronchoscopy can be used to look at an abnormal area seen on an imaging test (such as a chest x-ray or CT scan). Any abnormal areas in the airways that are seen with the bronchoscope can be biopsied to find out if they are cancer.

Detailed explanation-3: -Bronchoscopy is the most common interventional pulmonology procedure. During bronchoscopy, a doctor advances a flexible endoscope (bronchoscope) through a person’s mouth or nose into the windpipe. The doctor advances the bronchoscope through the airways in each lung, checking for problems.

Detailed explanation-4: -The routine techniques include bronchial washings, brushings and biopsies but these may be augmented by the use of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) [12].