RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A multiple choice item consists of a problem, known as the stem, and a list of suggested solutions, known as alternatives. The alternatives consist of one correct or best alternative, which is the answer, and incorrect or inferior alternatives, known as distractors.

Detailed explanation-2: -Argument related to the optimal number of options in MCQs has lasted for more than 80 years. [10] Most of the academic teachers use four or five options in summative or formative assessment because they believe that it improves psychometric quality by limiting the effect of random guessing.

Detailed explanation-3: -Textbook writers often recommend four or five options per multiple-choice item, and most, if not all, testing programs in the United States also employ four or five options.

Detailed explanation-4: -A multiple-choice question (MCQ) is composed of two parts: a stem that identifies the question or problem, and a set of alternatives or possible answers that contain a key that is the best answer to the question, and a number of distractors that are plausible but incorrect answers to the question.