AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -bipolar (adj.) "having two poles; ” see bi-“two” + polar. It is attested from 1810 in the figurative sense of “of double aspect; ” by 1859 with reference to anatomy ("having two processes from opposite poles, ” of nerve cells).

Detailed explanation-2: -Overview. Bipolar disorder (formerly called manic-depressive illness or manic depression) is a mental illness that causes unusual shifts in a person’s mood, energy, activity levels, concentration, and ability to carry out day-to-day tasks.

Detailed explanation-3: -The term “bipolar disorder” was first introduced during the third revision of the DSM in 1980, when psychiatrists agreed to do away with the term “manic-depressive.” Using the word, “manic” often led patients to be described as “maniacs, ” a label fraught with stigma and judgment.

Detailed explanation-4: -Bipolar 2 Disorder Bipolar II disorder is diagnosed when a person experiences a pattern of depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes, but not the full-blown manic episodes found in bipolar I disorder. However, some Bipolar II patients may have longer lasting and more severe bouts of depression.