AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -While ionotropic receptors are typically ligand-gated ion channels, through which ions pass in response to a neurotransmitter, metabotropic receptors require G proteins and second messengers to indirectly modulate ionic activity in neurons.

Detailed explanation-2: -Ionotropic and metabotropic signalling pathways are fundamentally different in their temporal properties. The former are usually faster, operating on a millisecond (ms) to sub-ms timescale, as ligand binding directly gates the ion channel.

Detailed explanation-3: -Since opening channels by metabotropic receptors involves activating a number of molecules in the intracellular mechanism, these receptors take longer to open than the inotropic receptors. They have a much longer effect than ionotropic receptors, which open quickly but only remain open for a few milliseconds.

Detailed explanation-4: -Ionotropic receptors have a quicker response time than metabotropic, as they are directly linked to the ion channel.