AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -As a result, the outer surface of the axonal membrane possesses a positive charge while its inner surface becomes negatively charged and this neuron is called a polarised neuron. The electrical potential difference across the resting plasma membrane is called as the resting potential.

Detailed explanation-2: -A postsynaptic neuron’s resting membrane potential is the difference between the electrical charge on its interior and exterior surfaces. When a postsynaptic neuron is at rest (not “firing”), its membrane is polarized, meaning the interior is slightly more negative than the exterior.

Detailed explanation-3: -When the inside of the plasma membrane has a negative charge compared to the outside, the neuron is said to be polarized. Any change in membrane potential tending to make the inside even more negative is called hyperpolarization, while any change tending to make it less negative is called depolarization.

Detailed explanation-4: -Because there is a potential difference across the cell membrane, the membrane is said to be polarized. If the membrane potential becomes more positive than it is at the resting potential, the membrane is said to be depolarized.

Detailed explanation-5: -During neuronal polarization, a spherical cell develops into a highly-compartmentalized cell with clearly defined borders between dendrites and the axon. The underlying signaling pathways generate a high morphological and molecular contrast between dendrites and the axon.