BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Somatic controls involuntary muscle movements while Autonomic controls voluntary movements.
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Somatic controls voluntary muscle movements while Autonomic controls involuntary movements.
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The Somatic can be further subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
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Somatic controls breathing, heartbeat, and blinking while Autonomic controls running, jumping, and walking.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The somatic peripheral nervous system is a single neuron system with the motor neurons lying inside the brainstem or spinal cord and the sensory neurons lying in the dorsal root ganglia. The autonomic peripheral nervous system is a two neuron system with a neuron lying outside of the CNS in the autonomic ganglia.
Detailed explanation-2: -The somatic nervous system consists of nerves that go to the skin and muscles and is involved in conscious activities. The autonomic nervous system consists of nerves that connect the CNS to the visceral organs such as the heart, stomach, and intestines. It mediates unconscious activities.
Detailed explanation-3: -The somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary actions, namely the innervation of skeletal muscle. The autonomic nervous system is responsible for all involuntary actions, including smooth muscle contraction, glandular stimulation, and other functions.
Detailed explanation-4: -Motor neurons within the SNS, also known as efferent neurons, carry motor information from the CNS to muscle fibers throughout the body. These types of neurons transmit signals from the spinal cord and brainstem to skeletal and smooth muscle to either directly or indirectly control muscle movements.
Detailed explanation-5: -Somatic reflexes have myelinated axons connecting the CNS to the skeletal muscle cells. In contrast, the autonomic reflex has a ganglion, the CNS axons are the only myelinated axons, and the nerves affect smooth muscle cell movement.