AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The aim of Casey et al., (2011) was to build upon previous research which assessed whether delay of gratification in children predicts impulse control abilities and sensitivity to alluring or social cues (happy faces in this study) at the both the behavioural and neural level when the participants were in adulthood.

Detailed explanation-2: -Casey’s study is a follow-up study to the Marshmallow test. The aim of which was to build on previous research and assess whether the cookie task performed in childhood could predict the capacity to self-control in adulthood.

Detailed explanation-3: -In follow-up studies, the researchers found that children who were able to wait longer for the preferred rewards tended to have better life outcomes, as measured by SAT scores, educational attainment, body mass index (BMI), and other life measures.

Detailed explanation-4: -The dependent variable (DV) was the performance on the impulse control task (in terms of reaction times and accuracy) in Experiment 1 and the performance on the impulse control task (in terms of reaction times and accuracy) and imaging results using fMRI.