AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Stimulants are drugs that increase your heart rate, breathing rate, and brain function. Some stimulants affect only a specific organ, such as the heart, lungs, brain, or nervous system. Epinephrine is a stimulant.

Detailed explanation-2: -Epinephrine is a stimulant. It is given during cardiac arrest to make the heart beat. Other times, stimulants can cause unwanted side effects. For example, pseudoephedrine found in some cold medicines can increase the heart rate.

Detailed explanation-3: -Stimulants stimulate the sympathetic nervous system and increase heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration (dilation of the bronchioles in the lungs). They can cause a dangerously high body temperature, especially if paired with physical exertion. Other serious effects include: Seizures.

Detailed explanation-4: -Respiratory stimulants include doxapram, which is administered intravenously, as well as certain phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitors, also known as methylxanthines, such as caffeine, theophylline, and aminophylline, which are most often taken orally, but they can also be given intravenously.

Detailed explanation-5: -Antidepressants. Certain medicines used to treat depression can raise your heart rate. They include serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, and venlafaxine, and tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline, clomipramine, desipramine, and others.