AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Niles has begun to fall asleep suddenly during the day, sometimes in inappropriate places. Niles is most likely suffering from: jet lag.

Detailed explanation-2: -People with narcolepsy frequently enter REM sleep rapidly, within 15 minutes of falling asleep. Also, the muscle weakness or dream activity of REM sleep can occur during wakefulness or be absent during sleep.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are a number of common symptoms of narcolepsy, but very few people have all of them. The first and most important is excessive daytime sleepiness, so extreme that it becomes impossible to stay awake for more than a few moments no matter how hard the person tries, even if they’re standing up.

Detailed explanation-4: -Many cases of narcolepsy are thought to be caused by a lack of a brain chemical called hypocretin (also known as orexin), which regulates sleep. The deficiency is thought to be the result of the immune system mistakenly attacking parts of the brain that produce hypocretin.

Detailed explanation-5: -Sleep paralysis usually occurs at one of two times. If it occurs while you are falling asleep, it’s called hypnagogic or predormital sleep paralysis. If it happens as you are waking up, it’s called hypnopompic or postdormital sleep paralysis.