AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The fact that perceptions involve more than the sum of our sensations best illustrates the importance of: top-down processing. Two TSA officers are scanning bags at the airport.

Detailed explanation-2: -Perception. Bottom-up processing is the process of ‘sensation’ and top-down is the process of ‘perception’. Sensation is the input of sensory information from our external environment that is received by our sensory receptors.

Detailed explanation-3: -One classic example of top-down processing in action is a phenomenon known as the Stroop effect. In this task, people are shown a list of words printed in different colors. They’re then asked to name the ink color, rather than the word itself.

Detailed explanation-4: -Perception involves both bottom-up and top-down processing. Bottom-up processing refers to the fact that perceptions are built from sensory input. On the other hand, how we interpret those sensations is influenced by our available knowledge, our experiences, and our thoughts. This is called top-down processing.

Detailed explanation-5: -We recognize objects as having a consistent form regardless ofhow the viewing angle changes. This fact illustrates: perceptual constancy.