AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A secondary reinforcer is a stimulus that reinforces a behavior after it has been associated with a primary reinforcer. For example: When you give your dog a food treat and tell him “good boy, ” he’s getting both the primary stimulus of the treat and the secondary reinforcer of the verbal praise.

Detailed explanation-2: -The main difference between primary and secondary reinforcers is that primary reinforcer is biological stimulus causing involuntary reflex while secondary reinforcer is conditioned stimulus causing learned behavior.

Detailed explanation-3: -Water, food, sleep, shelter, sex, and touch, among others, are primary reinforcers. Pleasure is also a primary reinforcer. Organisms do not lose their drive for these things.

Detailed explanation-4: -There are four types of reinforcement: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, extinction, and punishment. Positive reinforcement is the application of a positive reinforcer.

Detailed explanation-5: -Positive reinforcement refers to the introduction of desirable or pleasant stimuli after the performance of a behavior. This reward can be used to further encourage that behavior, or change a pre-existing one. There are four types of positive reinforcers: natural, tangible, social, and token.