BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR
BIOLOGY OF CONSCIOUSNESS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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our heart rate is slow and steady, while our breathing is highly irregular
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we are deeply asleep but can be awakened easily
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our nervous system is highly active, while our voluntary muscles hardly move
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None of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is called paradoxical sleep because it involves seemingly contradictory states of an active mind and a sleeping body.
Detailed explanation-2: -REM sleep is also referred to as paradoxical sleep because while the brain and other body systems become more active, muscles become more relaxed. Dreaming occurs due to increased brain activity, but voluntary muscles become immobilized.
Detailed explanation-3: -During REM, the brain is very active, and dreams are at their most intense. But the voluntary muscles of the body-arms, legs, fingers, anything that is under conscious control-are paralyzed. Exactly how the muscles are paralyzed has been a mystery, however.
Detailed explanation-4: -What Defines Paradoxical Sleep? The paradox is that even though the brain is quite active during REM sleep, consuming large amounts of energy, the body remains completely inactive.
Detailed explanation-5: -Nerve pathways in the brain that prevent muscles from moving are active during normal REM or dreaming sleep, resulting in temporary paralysis of your body. In REM sleep behavior disorder, these pathways no longer work and you may physically act out your dreams.