BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR
PREDICTING INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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a method of estimating a child’s intellectual ability by comparing the child’s score on intelligence tests and his/her age.
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a method of estimating a child’s intellectual ability based on raw scores on an intelligence test.
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comparing a child’s actual age with his or her computed age.
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basing a child’s age level on his or her scores on a standardized test.
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Detailed explanation-1: -mental age, intelligence test score, expressed as the chronological age for which a given level of performance is average or typical. An individual’s mental age is then divided by his chronological age and multiplied by 100, yielding an intelligence quotient (IQ).
Detailed explanation-2: -a numerical scale unit derived by dividing an individual’s results in an intelligence test by the average score for other people of the same age. Thus, a 4-year-old child who scored 150 on an IQ test would have a mental age of 6 (the age-appropriate average score is 100; therefore, MA = (150/100) × 4 = 6).
Detailed explanation-3: -From Binet’s work, the phrase “intelligence quotient, ” or “IQ, ” entered the vocabulary. The IQ is the ratio of “mental age” to chronological age, with 100 being average. So, an 8 year old who passes the 10 year-old’s test would have an IQ of 10/8 x 100, or 125.
Detailed explanation-4: -IQ was originally computed by taking the ratio of mental age to chronological (physical) age and multiplying by 100. Thus, if a 10-year-old child had a mental age of 12 (that is, performed on the test at the level of an average 12-year-old), the child was assigned an IQ of 12/10 × 100, or 120.