BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR
PREDICTING INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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the percentage of variation in intelligence within a group that is attributable to genetic factors.
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the extent to which a group’s intelligence is attributable to genetic factors.
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a general underlying intelligence factor that is measured by every task on an intelligence test.
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None of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -The correct answer is C. (the amount of group variation in intelligence that can be attributed to genetics.). Explanation: Heritability or genetic influence on intelligence variation among group members is estimated to be approximately 50 to 80 percent.
Detailed explanation-2: -(i) The heritability of intelligence increases from about 20% in infancy to perhaps 80% in later adulthood. (ii) Intelligence captures genetic effects on diverse cognitive and learning abilities, which correlate phenotypically about 0.30 on average but correlate genetically about 0.60 or higher.
Detailed explanation-3: -Early twin studies of adult individuals have found a heritability of IQ between 57% and 73%, with some recent studies showing heritability for IQ as high as 80%. IQ goes from being weakly correlated with genetics for children, to being strongly correlated with genetics for late teens and adults.
Detailed explanation-4: -Evidence of Genetic Influences on Intelligence Studies show that IQ scores of identical twins may be more similar than those of fraternal twins. Siblings who were raised together in the same environment have more similar IQs than those of adopted children who were brought up in the same household.
Detailed explanation-5: -Heritability and environmentability are population concepts. They tell us nothing about an individual. A heritability of . 40 informs us that, on average, about 40% of the individual differences that we observe in, say, shyness may in some way be attributable to genetic individual difference.