AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sensory neurons are activated by a stimulus, which is sent to the central nervous system, and a motor response is sent out to the skeletal muscles that control this movement.

Detailed explanation-2: -The neurons that carry these messages to the muscles are called motor neurons.

Detailed explanation-3: -The crossed extensor reflex is a contralateral reflex that allows the body to compensate on one side for a stimulus on the other. For example, when one foot steps on a nail, the crossed extensor reflex shifts the body’s weight onto the other foot, protecting and withdrawing the foot on the nail.

Detailed explanation-4: -For example, if you step on something sharp, the nerves in your foot send a pain signal up your spinal cord to your brain. When your brain recognizes the danger, it sends another signal down your spinal cord to the nerves in your leg and foot muscles, telling them to pull away from the object.

Detailed explanation-5: -Neurons are fragile and can be damaged by pressure, stretching, or cutting. An injury to a neuron can stop the signals transmitted to and from the brain, causing muscles to not work properly or a loss of feeling in an injured area. Nerve injuries can impact the brain, the spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.