AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Thus dopaminergic D2 receptors are crucial for the rewarding effects of opiates, but not for the development of physical opiate dependence or the expression of some acute responses to morphine, such as hypermotility.

Detailed explanation-2: -Opioids are highly addictive, in large part because they activate powerful reward centers in your brain. Opioids trigger the release of endorphins, your brain’s feel-good neurotransmitters. Endorphins muffle your perception of pain and boost feelings of pleasure, creating a temporary but powerful sense of well-being.

Detailed explanation-3: -The opioid system consists of at least three distinct opioid receptors: mu, kappa, and delta. These receptors are widely distributed in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nociceptors.

Detailed explanation-4: -Three major types of opioid receptors, designated mu, delta, and kappa, are widely expressed in the CNS. Development of selective receptor ligands and recent cloning of each receptor have contributed greatly to our increasing knowledge of the neuropharmacological profile of each opioid receptor type.