AP PSYCHOLOGY

BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

THE NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
The maintenance of an organism’s internal environment is called:
A
compensating
B
homeostasis
C
balancing
D
routine
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment. Homeostasis is a term coined to describe the physical and chemical parameters that an organism must maintain to allow proper functioning of its component cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.

Detailed explanation-2: -Homeostasis is maintained by a series of control mechanisms functioning at the organ, tissue or cellular level. These control mechanisms include substrate supply, activation or inhibition of individual enzymes and receptors, synthesis and degradation of enzymes, and compartmentalization.

Detailed explanation-3: -The internal environment is the environment in which cells are found and is thus defined as the fluid inside the body, but outside of cells. The fluid inside the cells in the body is the intracellular fluid, also called cytoplasm (cytosol and the fluid inside organelles).

Detailed explanation-4: -Homeostasis is defined as the ability or tendency of an organism to control and maintain a constant or same internal environment. Such organisms can control and regulate their internal environment and maintain it in stable conditions. Examples of homeostatic organisms are humans, in general mammals, etc.

Detailed explanation-5: -Homeostasis is the body’s attempt to maintain a constant and balanced internal environment, which requires persistent monitoring and adjustments as conditions change. Homeostatic regulation is monitored and adjusted by the receptor, the command center, and the effector.

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