AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Urine is a liquid byproduct of the body secreted by the kidneys through a process called urination and excreted through the urethra. The normal chemical composition of urine is mainly water content, but it also includes nitrogenous molecules, such as urea, as well as creatinine and other metabolic waste components.

Detailed explanation-2: -Answer and Explanation: The only substance that would be found in the urine of a normal individual would be urea. Urea is the molecule through which nitrogenous wastes are eliminated in the body. Glucose, white blood cells and protein should not be normally present in the urine.

Detailed explanation-3: -Human urine is composed primarily of water (95%). The rest is urea (2%), creatinine (0.1%), uric acid (0.03%), chloride, sodium, potassium, sulphate, ammonium, phosphate and other ions and molecules in lesser amounts30 (Table 1). Protein is only found in trace amounts compared to their values in blood plasma.

Detailed explanation-4: -Urine is about 95% water and 5% waste products. Nitrogenous wastes excreted in urine include urea, creatinine, ammonia, and uric acid. Ions such as sodium, potassium, hydrogen, and calcium are also excreted. Urine produced in the kidneys travels down the ureters into the urinary bladder.

Detailed explanation-5: -High levels of urea in the urine may suggest: too much protein in the diet. excessive protein breakdown in the body.