AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The main hormones secreted by the endocrine gland in the pancreas are insulin and glucagon, which regulate the level of glucose in the blood, and somatostatin, which prevents the release of insulin and glucagon.

Detailed explanation-2: -The main function of the pancreas is to maintain healthy blood sugar levels. It is a large gland located behind the stomach. It produces insulin, glucagon, and other hormones. Diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body does not use insulin properly (called insulin resistance).

Detailed explanation-3: -The most important hormone that the pancreas produces is insulin. Insulin is released by the ‘beta cells’ in the islets of Langerhans in response to food. Its role is to lower glucose levels in the bloodstream and promote the storage of glucose in fat, muscle, liver and other body tissues.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic hormone that is produced postprandially by gut neuroendocrine cells. GLP-1 stimulates insulin release from beta cells, modulates glucagon secretion from alpha cells and increases somatostatin from delta cells of the pancreas.

Detailed explanation-5: -They are insulin and glucagon. Functions: Insulin: It helps in lowering the sugar levels in the blood by converting glucose into glycogen for storage. Glucagon: It helps in increasing the sugar level in the blood by converting stored glycogen into glucose.