AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Effortful processing refers to encoding information through conscious attention and effort. Material that you study for a test requires effortful processing.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cognitive Processes Effortful processing: Active processing of information that requires sustained effort. Shallow processing: Processing information based on its surface characteristics. Deep processing: Processing information with respect to its meaning. Attention: The brain’s ability to focus on stimuli.

Detailed explanation-3: -automatic processing: encoding of informational details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words. effortful processing: encoding of information that takes effort and attention. encoding: input of information into the memory system. memory: system or process that stores what we learn for future use.

Detailed explanation-4: -If we have short-term recall of only 7 letters, but can remember 5 words, doesn’t that mean we could remember more than 7 letters if we could group them into words? This is an example of an effortful processing strategy, a way to encode information into memory to keep it from decaying and make it easier to retrieve.

Detailed explanation-5: -However, encoding is more influenced by attention and conscious effort to remember things, while the processes involved in consolidation tend to be unconscious and happen at the cellular or neurological level. Generally, encoding takes focus, while consolidation is more of a biological process.