AP PSYCHOLOGY

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COGNITION

THINKING AND LANGUAGE

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
business managers are often overly confident of their own hiring ability because they are more likely to monitor the successes of people they hired than the achievements of those they rejected. This illustrates that overconfidence may be encouraged by
A
an algorithm
B
prototypes
C
the framing effect
D
confirmation bias
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -confirmation bias, people’s tendency to process information by looking for, or interpreting, information that is consistent with their existing beliefs.

Detailed explanation-2: -Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one’s prior beliefs or values.

Detailed explanation-3: -Algorithm: a methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem. Heuristic: a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently; usually speedier but also more error-prone than algorithms.

Detailed explanation-4: -Heuristics are mental shortcuts that allow people to solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently. These rule-of-thumb strategies shorten decision-making time and allow people to function without constantly stopping to think about their next course of action.

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