AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Jerome believes that his 4 year old grandson is a hyperactive child because the boy’s constant movement resembles Jerome’s prototype of hyperactivity. Jerome’s thinking best illustrates: the representativeness heuristic.

Detailed explanation-2: -Which of the following is the best example of the use of the availability heuristic? Making a judgement according to past experiences that are most easily recalled.

Detailed explanation-3: -The use of heuristics rather than algorithms is most likely to: save time in arriving at solutions to problems. Scientists are trained to carefully observe and record any research outcomes that are inconsistent with their hypothesis.

Detailed explanation-4: -The representativeness heuristic can contribute to prejudice and systemic discrimination. Because we rely on categories and prototypes to guide our perception of others, we can easily end up drawing on stereotypes to make judgments about other people.

Detailed explanation-5: -confirmation bias, people’s tendency to process information by looking for, or interpreting, information that is consistent with their existing beliefs. This biased approach to decision making is largely unintentional, and it results in a person ignoring information that is inconsistent with their beliefs.