AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hippocampus damage can particularly affect spatial memory, or the ability to remember directions, locations, and orientations. Because the hippocampus plays such an important role in the formation of new memories, damage to this part of the brain can have a serious long-term impact on certain types of memory.

Detailed explanation-2: -Semantic memory contains general knowledge that is not tied to the time when the information was learned, such as general knowledge, facts, rules and ideas. Episodic memory is made up of chronologically, or temporally dated, recollections of personal experiences.

Detailed explanation-3: -Retrograde Amnesia: Describes amnesia where you can’t recall memories that were formed before the event that caused the amnesia.

Detailed explanation-4: -Psychologists distinguish between three necessary stages in the learning and memory process: encoding, storage, and retrieval (Melton, 1963). Encoding is defined as the initial learning of information; storage refers to maintaining information over time; retrieval is the ability to access information when you need it.