AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The illusion of validity refers to our tendency to overestimate our accuracy in making probability judgments. The more representative an object or event is, the more confident we feel in our predictions about obtaining a certain outcome.

Detailed explanation-2: -The point to remember: Hindsight bias, overconfidence, and our tendency to perceive patterns in random events often lead us to overestimate our intuition.

Detailed explanation-3: -Heuristics are mental shortcuts that allow people to solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently. These rule-of-thumb strategies shorten decision-making time and allow people to function without constantly stopping to think about their next course of action.

Detailed explanation-4: -The availability heuristic refers to the tendency to assess the probability of an event based on the ease with which instances of that event come to mind.