COGNITION
THINKING AND LANGUAGE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The way an issue is posed; can significantly alter our decisions and judgements
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Language determines the way we think
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The mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people
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What you get when you work out a lot
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Detailed explanation-1: -The framing effect is a cognitive bias where people decide on options based on whether the options are presented with positive or negative connotations; e.g. as a loss or as a gain. People tend to avoid risk when a positive frame is presented but seek risks when a negative frame is presented.
Detailed explanation-2: -The framing effect is a type of cognitive bias or error in thinking. “Framing” refers to whether an option is presented as a loss (negative) or a gain (positive). People are generally biased toward picking an option they view as a gain over one they view as a loss, even if both options lead to the same result.
Detailed explanation-3: -When making decisions, people will be influenced by the different semantic descriptions of the same issue, and have different risk preferences, which is called the framing effect indicating that people make decisions based on the potential value of losses and gains rather than the final outcome.
Detailed explanation-4: -Framing Effect Example: Vaccines Program A will save 200 people. Program B has ⅓ chance of saving 600 and ⅔ chance of saving none. Program A will leave 400 people dead. Program B has ⅓ chance that nobody will die, and ⅔ chance that 600 will die.
Detailed explanation-5: -Framing bias refers to the observation that the manner in which data is presented can affect decision making. The most famous example of framing bias is Mark Twain’s story of Tom Sawyer whitewashing the fence. By framing the chore in positive terms, he got his friends to pay him for the “privilege” of doing his work.