AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -According to Kohlberg’s theory, individuals who reach the highest level of post-conventional moral reasoning judge moral issues based on deeper principles and shared ideals rather than self-interest or adherence to laws and rules.

Detailed explanation-2: -The postconventional level of moral development is the most common level for adults over 50 years of age. Culture is that broad synthesis of societal norms and values emanating from everyday living. Moral identification and ordering refers to the ability to discern the ambiguity of moral factors.

Detailed explanation-3: -Why might postconventional moral reasoning not appear until age 13 (if it does appear)? Postconventional morality requires the abilities of formal operational thinking.

Detailed explanation-4: -Conventional. The conventional level of moral reasoning is typical of adolescents and adults. Persons who reason in a conventional way judge the morality of actions by comparing these actions to societal views and expectations. The conventional level consists of the third and fourth stages of moral development.