AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -During a discussion in class regarding cheating in school, a student argues, “Cheating is wrong; it is important to follow rules.” Lawrence Kohlberg would say this student is in what stage of moral development? Pre-conventional, conventional, post-conventional.

Detailed explanation-2: -This is known as hypothetical-deductive reasoning. It is an essential part of the formal operational stage. It allows someone to consider “What if?” A person with this skill can imagine multiple solutions and potential outcomes in a given situation.

Detailed explanation-3: -Conventional. The conventional level of moral reasoning is typical of adolescents and adults. Persons who reason in a conventional way judge the morality of actions by comparing these actions to societal views and expectations. The conventional level consists of the third and fourth stages of moral development.

Detailed explanation-4: -Sensorimotor stage (0–2 years old) Preoperational stage (2–7 years old) Concrete operational stage (7–11 years old) Formal operational stage (11 years old through adulthood)

Detailed explanation-5: -According to Kohlberg’s theory, individuals who reach the highest level of post-conventional moral reasoning judge moral issues based on deeper principles and shared ideals rather than self-interest or adherence to laws and rules.