DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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an environment that provides adequate amounts of food and water, and a safe living space.
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an environment that has limited brain stimulation and lots of social stimulation.
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an environment which encourages social interaction and provides significant opportunity for brain stimulation.
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an environment with significant opportunities for brain stimulation, limited opportunities for social interaction and few opportunities for safety.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Environmental enrichment (EE) is a multi-faceted form of housing that provides enhanced motor, cognitive, sensory and social stimulation, relative to the standard conditions of rodent housing. This form of housing has been shown to create widespread changes in the neuroplastic milieu of the brain.
Detailed explanation-2: -In animal studies, an “enriched environment” is described as having motor, sensory, cognitive, and social stimulation. 2, 3. A definition of EE found in the literature encompasses a changing environment that encourages socialization, exercise, sensory, and cognitive stimulation.
Detailed explanation-3: -At the level of neurons, environmental enrichment has been found to result in increases in the size of neuronal cell bodies and nuclei, the number and size of dendrites, as well as increasing dendritic branching and the number of dendritic spines [9, 10].
Detailed explanation-4: -An enriched environment is known to promote structural changes in the brain and to enhance learning and memory performance in rodents [Hebb, D. O. (1947) Am. Psychol.