AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Lev Vygotsky was a seminal Russian psychologist best known for his sociocultural theory. He constructed the idea of a zone of proximal development, which are those tasks which are too difficult for a child to solve alone but s/he can accomplish with the help of adults or more skilled peers.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) was a key construct in Lev Vygotsky’s theory of learning and development. The Zone of Proximal Development is defined as the space between what a learner can do without assistance and what a learner can do with adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers.

Detailed explanation-3: -ZPD is defined by Vygotsky (1978) as “the distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers” (p. 86).

Detailed explanation-4: -Lev Vygotsky – A sociocultural theorist who maintains that how we think is a function of both social and cultural forces. He believes that all learning is shaped by the way parents and cultures think and interact. Vygotsky says that social interaction is the primary cause of cognitive growth.

Detailed explanation-5: -Vygotsky’s social development theory asserts that a child’s cognitive development and learning ability can be guided and mediated by their social interactions. His theory (also called Vygotsky’s Sociocultural theory) states that learning is a crucially social process as opposed to an independent journey of discovery.