DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Initiative vs. Guilt
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Trust vs. Mistrust
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Industry vs. Inferiority
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Autonomy vs. Shame and Guilt
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Detailed explanation-1: -Stage 2: Instrumental Relativist Orientation For instance, a person steals money from another person because he needs that money to buy food for his hungry children. In Kohlberg’s theory, the children tend to say that this action is morally right because of the serious need of the doer.
Detailed explanation-2: -At the preconventional level children don’t have a personal code of morality, and instead moral decisions are shaped by the standards of adults and the consequences of following or breaking their rules. For example, if an action leads to punishment is must be bad, and if it leads to a reward is must be good.
Detailed explanation-3: -At stage 5, in contrast, people are making more of an independent effort to think out what any society ought to value. They often reason, for example, that property has little meaning without life. They are trying to determine logically what a society ought to be like (Kohlberg, 1981, pp.
Detailed explanation-4: -Kohlberg said that few people ever reach this stage. The six stages can be reviewed in Table 5.6. Stage 1: Focus is on self-interest and punishment is avoided. The man shouldn’t steal the drug, as he may get caught and go to jail.