DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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cognitive development is a universal process that unfolds in largely the same way for most individuals.
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social interactions and culture strongly influence the cognitive development of a child.
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language does not play a crucial role in cognitive development.
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a child’s active exploration of the world strongly influences cognitive development.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Unlike Piaget’s notion that childrens’ development must necessarily precede their learning, Vygotsky argued, “learning is a necessary and universal aspect of the process of developing culturally organized, specifically human psychological function” (1978, p. 90).
Detailed explanation-2: -Piaget proposed that children progress through the stages of cognitive development through maturation, discovery methods, and some social transmissions through assimilation and accommodation (Woolfolk, A., 2004). Vygotsky’s theory stressed the importance of culture and language on one’s cognitive development.
Detailed explanation-3: -Vygotsky argued that social learning preceded cognitive development. In other words, culture affects cognitive development. Whereas Piaget asserted that all children pass through a number of universal stages of cognitive development, Vygotsky believed that cognitive development varied across cultures.
Detailed explanation-4: -Similarities between Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s Theories: Both believed that cognitive conflict can initiate and further development. Both believed that egocentric speech is vital to the process of cognitive development. Both believed the child is an active participant in his or her own learning.