AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The three levels of moral reasoning include preconventional, conventional, and postconventional. By using children’s responses to a series of moral dilemmas, Kohlberg established that the reasoning behind the decision was a greater indication of moral development than the actual answer.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stage 3-“good boy-good girl” orientation, This stage of moral development is focused on living up to social expectations and roles. There is an emphasis on conformity, being “nice, ” and consideration of how choices influence relationships.

Detailed explanation-3: -Level Three-Postconventional Morality: Right and wrong are based on social contracts established for the good of everyone and that can transcend the self and social convention.

Detailed explanation-4: -Kohlberg’s six stages were grouped into three levels: pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional. Following Piaget’s constructivist requirements for a stage model (see his theory of cognitive development), it is extremely rare to regress backward in stages.