AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A spermatozoon is a male germ cell capable of fertilizing an oocyte and carries genetic information for determining the sex of the offspring. It comprises autosomes and an X (X spermatozoa) or a Y chromosome (Y spermatozoa).

Detailed explanation-2: -Normal human spermatozoa carry either the X or the Y chromosome. The differences between X and Y spermatozoa (X and Y haploid cells) may exist in two areas: the different chromosomes (i.e. different kinds and numbers of genes) and the different sperm structures and functions (i.e. different genetic expression).

Detailed explanation-3: -Each person normally has one pair of sex chromosomes in each cell. The Y chromosome is present in males, who have one X and one Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-4: -In this system, referred to as the XX-XY system, maleness is determined by sperm cells that carry the Y chromosome. Figure 4: Sex determination in humans.

Detailed explanation-5: -These are known as the sex chromosomes. Every egg has an X sex chromosome; a sperm can have either an X or a Y sex chromosome. If the sperm that fertilizes an egg has an X chromosome, the baby is female; if it has a Y chromosome, the baby will be a boy.