AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -These cells are called gametes, but you might know them as sperm and egg. Each gamete contains half the number of chromosomes, or genetic material, of the organism. So, each sperm contains 50% of the father’s genes and each egg contains 50% of the mother’s genes.

Detailed explanation-2: -After all, children inherit half of their DNA from each parent: 50 percent from mom (through an egg), and 50 percent from dad (through sperm).

Detailed explanation-3: -The autosomes (chromosomes 1–22) are passed down equally from each parent; one copy from each parent. Therefore, a parent and a son or daughter would share 50% of their autosomal DNA.

Detailed explanation-4: -To form a fetus, an egg from the mother and sperm from the father come together. The egg and sperm each have one half of a set of chromosomes. The egg and sperm together give the baby the full set of chromosomes. So, half the baby’s DNA comes from the mother and half comes from the father.

Detailed explanation-5: -Like siblings, parents and children share 50 percent of their DNA with one another. While the shared DNA between full siblings includes 25 percent of the mother’s DNA and 25 percent of the father’s DNA, the DNA shared between a parent and child is 50 percent of that parent’s DNA.