LEARNING
BIOLOGY COGNITION AND LEARNING
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Taste is the most fundamental of the senses.
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Animals must watch another animal have a taste reaction before they exhibit the aversion.
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Animals must evaluate a situation cognitively before taste aversion develops.
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Taste aversion is a universal survival mechanism.
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A US must occur within seconds of a CS for conditioning to occur.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The correct answer is D. (Taste aversion is a universal survival mechanism.). By avoiding toxic food and possible poisoning, it is more likely that one will survive and have offspring.
Detailed explanation-2: -In a landmark study, Garcia and Koelling (1966) reported that rats made nauseous (with LiCl or x-rays) following exposure to novel taste/audiovisual compound stimulus, acquired much stronger aversions to the taste stimulus than to the audiovisual component.
Detailed explanation-3: -Some more examples of unconditioned responses include: Gasping in pain after being stung by a bee. Jerking your hand back after touching a hot plate on the oven. Jumping at the sound of a loud noise.
Detailed explanation-4: -Conditioned taste aversion is a learned association between the taste of a particular food and illness such that the food is considered to be the cause of the illness. As a result of the learned association, there is a hedonic shift from positive to negative in the preference for the food.
Detailed explanation-5: -One example of a conditioned taste aversion is getting nausea or vomiting after drinking milk and then avoiding it after the incident.