LEARNING
BIOLOGY COGNITION AND LEARNING
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Social and cultural factors affect cognitive processes
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Human beings are information processors and that mental representations guide behaviour
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Ethical behavior guidelines are easily broken
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Case studies are an essential part of psychological research
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Detailed explanation-1: -Conclusion. Bartlett concluded that memory is reconstructive and that people will actively amend information in order to make it fit in with their own personal schemas and beliefs.
Detailed explanation-2: -Bartlett (1932) The War of the Ghosts. Aim: to investigate whether people’s memory for a story is affected by previous knowledge (schemas) and the extent to which memory is reconstructive.
Detailed explanation-3: -In his famous study ‘War of the Ghosts’, Bartlett (1932) showed that memory is not just a factual recording of what has occurred, but that we make “effort after meaning”. By this, Bartlett meant that we try to fit what we remember with what we really know and understand about the world.
Detailed explanation-4: -Bartlett devised two methods to study remem-bering: repeated reproduction and serial reproduc-tion. In his most famous work he read a native American folk tale, The War of the Ghosts, to his British participants and then later tested their memories. This bizarre and supernatural story was usually read twice, aloud.