AP PSYCHOLOGY

LEARNING

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING VS OPERANT CONDITIONING

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
What is the best definition of operant conditioning?
A
Explains how circumstances lead to changes in involuntary behavior
B
A philosophical tool used to aide discussions around behavior modification
C
Explains how consequences lead to changes in voluntary behavior
D
The study of how rules are easily broken
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Operant conditioning, sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning, is a method of learning that uses rewards and punishment to modify behavior. Through operant conditioning, behavior that is rewarded is likely to be repeated, and behavior that is punished will rarely occur.

Detailed explanation-2: -Operant conditioning, sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning, is a method of learning that employs rewards and punishments for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence (whether negative or positive) for that behavior.

Detailed explanation-3: -Operant conditioning differs from classical conditioning, which is a process where stimuli are paired with biologically significant events to produce involuntary and reflexive behaviors. In contrast, operant conditioning is voluntary and depends on the consequences of a behavior.

Detailed explanation-4: -Answer: ‘Operant conditioning focuses on how the consequences of behavior affect behaviour over time’ is a TRUE statement. Explanation: Through Operant conditioning one is able to understand the rights and wrongs of a behaviour.

Detailed explanation-5: -Is the Behavior Voluntary? In classical conditioning, the response or behavior is involuntary, as in dogs salivating. In operant conditioning, the behavior is voluntary, as in dogs choosing to sit.

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